Old Photos

So I am looking through old photos for some collage work I want to do and I am just amazed, intrqued, and in love with some of these photos. I am going to spend all day on the library of congress website if I don't stop now. But for those interested, check out these lovely photos. their expressions are priceless

The Differences between Business-to-Business Sales and Individual Sales

There are several differences from how business-to-business sales communications differ from selling to individuals. Some differences in business-to-business sales and selling to individuals are the quantity in demand, pricing, relationships, and marketing.

When a business-to-business sale is done there is usually a need for higher amounts of items. When a business buys from another business, they usually buy in bulk, and they usually will have orders coming in at least once a month. This is an importance difference in communication because the business on the selling end knows they are going to sell larger amounts and takes this into consideration when making deals with the business on the buying side.

Pricing is a direct result of buying in quantity because a price of larger quantities of items is always going to be lower. When you buy something in bulk it is inevitably cheaper, and this allows the communication between the two businesses to discuss the quantity need and the prices available at that quantity. This relates directly to how the communication will go because businesses who are selling to other businesses want to keep them as customers because they are guaranteed to provide them with a longer and more profitable commitment.

Relationships vary from business-to-business sales and selling to the individual. Many business-to-business sales occur through a relationship where both businesses have worked with each other and develop a long lasting business relationship. In individual sales this is less often the case. Most individual sales do not develop such a strong relationship because they are not working with each other on a constant basis.

Marketing is another aspect of business-to-business communication that is different from the communication that occurs when a business sells to an individual. Marketing is something that is used widely in individual sales because it draws customers in; there is also marketing with business-to-business sales, but it is at a more focused group than individual sales.

Selling to an individual is different than business-to-business sales in many ways. Pricing is maximized or minimized depending on the customers. Relationships are different because of the commitment and time put into the sales communications. Marketing is different because in business-to-business sales there is a smaller group to focus on. Quantity is another aspect to consider because a business will often buy in large quantities on a regular basis, and individuals buy sporadically or as a needed basis. Individual sales and business-to-business sales communications vary, and it is important to understand the differences between them.

Spring Theme Home Decorating Ideas Using Fabric

Spring is a fun season to bring the life back into your home decorating. Fabric is an inexpensive and easy material to work with. This article will provide you with detailed instructions on spring themed home decorating ideas using fabric.

Pillow Covers

Creating pillow covers with fabric is a spring themed idea, and it is very inexpensive. For this home decorating idea you will need spring themed fabric, scissors, fabric glue, a pillow, and Velcro. If you do not have a pillow to use you can follow these directions and add stuffing to fill the cover to create a one of a kind pillow perfect for spring.

Start by laying the fabric out and placing the pillow on top of it. Cut the fabric so it is at least an inch wider all around. Use the first cut out to make a second of the same size. Then place both pieces on top of each other with the front facing inwards. Use the glue to attach 3 sides of the square together. Let the glue try until it is completely secure.

Then fold the remaining edges down against the back of the fabric. Add glue to seal both sides, and let dry. Finally flip the pillow cover inside out and add glue and Velcro to the open flaps. When the glue is dried you can dress up your pillow with the new spring inspired cover and use it for your home decorating theme.

Wall Art

Another simple home decorating project that uses fabric is wall art. For this spring craft you will need spring themed fabric, picture frames, scissors, thick cardboard, and thumb tacks. You can choice fabric with images or scenes, or you can simply choose fabric with spring colors and patterns.

Start by cutting the cardboard to fit neatly inside the frame. Then cut the fabric so it is about 4 inches longer than the cardboard on all sides. Wrap the cardboard with the fabric and use the thumb tacks to secure the fabric in place. Add the cardboard to the frame and add it to your home decorating.

These ideas are easy and inexpensive ways to decorate your home for spring. You can find inexpensive fabric at many local craft stores, and this material will provide you with many possibilities when decorating for the spring season.

Scrapbook Page Design Ideas Using Paper Doilies

 

There are many scrapbook page design ideas using doilies, and these inexpensive and pretty paper items can be used in a variety of scrapbooking themes. This article will discuss several designs you can create using paper doilies in your collage and scrapbook projects.

Frame

Paper doilies are easy and inexpensive to use in your paper craft projects. They come in a variety of sizes and patterns, and they look great when used as a photo frame. Simply place photos on top of the doily and attach it to a scrapbook page.

Rub

When creating designs on the pages of your book you can place doilies underneath paper to create a rub of the pattern of the doily. Rub the paper gently using a crayon to create a unique design. This can be used to ad detail to plain paper, or the rub can be added to integral parts of the page such as borders, photos, or other unique items.

Paint Print

To add texture to scrapbook pages you can use a paper doily. Simply use a paintbrush to lightly cover the doily with paint, and press it gently onto the page of your choice. You can use multiple colors and cover the whole page in design. You can also use different size doilies for a more detailed design.

Border

Doilies have beautiful patterns on their edges, and you can use this part of the paper to make unique borders in your scrapbook. Borders look nice around the edges of the paper or in the corners, and they can also be placed on as many or as little sides of the scrapbook page as you like. Simply cut the edges of the doily you would like to use and glue them to the edges of the scrapbook page.

Text Bubble

Doilies make great designs in your paper crafts, and they add a fun feature to photos. Cut doilies into text bubbles or use very small doilies. Write a message and attach the doily near a picture.

These scrapbook page designs can easily be created using paper doilies, and they had special style to any scrapbooking project.

Summer Handprint Crafts for Kids Using Paper

Creating summer handprint crafts for kids is easy when using paper. Summer provides kids with plenty of time for craft projects, and these ideas are easy and fun. This article provides you with detailed instructions on paper handprint crafts for summer.

Rainbow Mobile

A great craft for kids using handprints and paper is a rainbow mobile. For this project you will need construction paper in all the colors of the rainbow. You will also need scissors, pencils, tape, a paper plate, glue, and string.

Start by helping kids trace their hands onto several different colored pieces of paper. Make sure kids trace their hands two or three times on each piece of paper. Then help kids cut out their handprints. Also cut enough string for each color of paper and poke the same amount of holes in the paper plate in different spots.

Then poke a hole in the palm of a single handprint from each color. Tie a not using the hole and the string in each handprint. Then poke enough holes for each string into the edge of the paper plate. Space the holes evenly around the outer rim.

Stick the strings through the holes and tape them to the top of the plate to secure them in place. Add another piece of string to the top of the plate so you can hang your mobile. Next, help kids cover the entire top of the plate using the remaining handprints and the glue. This rainbow mobile is perfect for summer.

Sun Wall Hanging

Another fun handprint craft using paper is a sun wall hanging. Kids will love this summer craft, and it is easy to create. For this project you will need yellow construction paper, orange construction paper, glue, scissors, a pencil, a large bowl, and ribbon.

Start by helping kids place the bowl upside down on the paper. Then trace the edge of the bowl. Help kids cut the circle out of the paper. Then help kids trace their handprints on the yellow and orange paper several times. Cut the handprints out of the paper and arrange them around the sun. Help kids glue the handprints in place with the yellow and orange paper alternating. Then cut a piece of ribbon and glue both ends to the back of the circle. Flip the sun over and it is ready to hang on the wall.

These unique handprint crafts are fun and easy to create with paper. Kids will enjoy celebrating summer with these easy craft projects.

How to Make Miniature Cherry Pies for Your Dollhouse

Dollhouses are awesome toys that people of all ages can enjoy. It is fun to play with dollhouses, but it is even more fun to create your own personal dollhouse accessories. Polymer clay is a great medium for creating dollhouse miniatures. This article will teach you how to make a cherry pie using polymer clay.

For this craft project you will need beige clay, red clay, a scissor, paint, and a bottle cap. Start by making the pie crust. Use a bottle to roll out the beige clay, and if you are having problems with the clay sticking use baby powder on the surface that you are rolling the clay out on. Cut a circle slightly bigger than the bottle cap, and press it into the bottle cap.

Fold the crust over around the edges, and pinch them together to create a crust. Use the dull edge of the scissors to create a pattern on the crust by pressing down, skipping a space, and pressing down again. Continue around the crust until it is complete. Save the rest of the rolled out beige clay for the top of the crust.

To create the cherry filling roll a ball of red clay that will fit inside the bottle cap crust. Push the ball into the pie crust and flatten it down so that it s not much higher than the bottle cap. Next create a long strand of red clay and cut it into little pieces. Roll these little pieces into tiny balls to simulate cherries. Cover the top of the pie with the red balls. Press these balls into the top so that they stay, but remember to not let them lose their round shape.

Next using the scissors cut long strips of the rolled out beige clay. The strips must be long enough to cover the pie. Now starting at the one side of the pie lay a strip across and pinch the ends into the crust. Skip a space, and add another strip; continue with this until the pie covered with strips and spaces all the way across. Next you must start crisscrossing the next strips so that the pie is completely covered in a cross hatch pattern.

After this is done, and all the pie crust strips have been firmly attached; you can bake the pie in the oven for about 10 minutes. When the pie is cool you can paint the bottom of the bottle cap to match your dollhouse kitchenware.

Easy and Fun Tips for Potty Training a Girl

Potty training your girl may seem intimidating, but it does not have to be. Little girls seem to learn to use the potty at a slightly faster rate than most little boys because they develop at a slightly faster rate, and this can work to your benefit. These tips will make potty training your daughter easy and fun.

Make it fun. If your turn potty training into an excuse for having a good time, it will be much easier to teach your little girl how to use her potty. Making potty training fun may seem like an impossible mission, but the help of dolls, books, DVDs, and charts are a great way to increase the chance your daughter will have at successfully using the potty.

Emulating using a doll is an amusing way for girls to practice what is required of them. Using charts will allow you to reward your child for a successful job done. Potty training books are also helpful when potty training because they give your child time to relax while sitting on the potty if you read some of the book while she is in there.

Clothing is an important thing to consider when potty training and some clothing items can make it a lot easier for your girl to learn. Stockings and pants that have buttons or other things that can be hard to open are a bad idea. Skirts and training pants work great, and anything with an elastic waist band will help make using the potty easy.

Girls have the added responsibility of learning how to wipe in the correct fashion, and this can make potty training a little difficult. If your little girl is having a tough time remembering which direction to wipe this tip is for you. Teach your toddler to pat herself dry instead of wiping, and she will get herself effectively clean. After she has mastered the potty you can work on wiping.

Allowing your toddler to pick out her potty will make your daughter have a better connection with the potty, and it will make her feel more comfortable using it. If you cannot let her pick it for some reason; you can let her decorate it using paint markers. This will give the potty her special touch.

These easy tips will make potty training much quicker and more fun for you and your daughter. Potty training doesn't have to be a chore it can be an easy way to bond with your toddler and have a good time together.

Using Enzymes in Food Production to Improve Yield

Many food production processes use enzymes for different reasons. Enzymes play a key role in milk production, cheese making, baking, wine making, juice making, brewing, and alcohol production. Although all of these enzymes serve different specific goals, they all improve the production yield of the food process.

Enzymes improve yield in milk production and cheese making in different ways. Rennet, commonly used in cheese, helps with the coagulation process. Rennet includes several enzymes such as rennin and protease. Rennin and protease work together to cause curding and precipitation which separates the milk from the curds (Modern biotechnology in food). They break down the caseins which help keep milk in its liquid form (Flint). Lactase, another enzyme, allows for the production of lactose-free milk products through the process of hydrolysis. The purpose of catalases in dairy processes is to remove hydrogen peroxide (Modern biotechnology in food). All of these enzymes improve the yield of dairy production processes in many ways.

Baking, another area of food production, utilizes enzymes to improve production yield. Many enzymes in baking are used to breakdown different components in the bread. Alpha-amylases increases maltose production by breaking down starch, protease breaks down proteins, and pentosanase breaks down pentosan (Modern biotechnology in food). Certain enzymes used in baking improve yield by giving it a longer shelf life. The enzyme maltogen amylase increases the amount of time bread remains fresh (Flint). Adding glucose oxidase increases the stability of dough to improve production yield. Many of the baked good eaten every day are produced using enzymes.

Enzymes also improve and increase yields when used in wine and juice making. During these processes, a common enzyme known as pectinase helps increase the product yield and clarify the product (Modern biotechnology in food). This particular enzyme helps break down the wall of fruits it is used for; this extra degradation adds to the quality and yield. Enzymes used in wine and juice making benefit food production by improving the product itself and increasing the amount yielded.

Enzymes allow brewing and alcohol production processes to improve in production. Liquefaction is an important part of brewing, and several enzymes are used in brewing to aid this process (Modern biotechnology in food). Enzymes also help clarify final products in brewing which add to higher quality and improved yield. In brewing, enzymes aid in supplementing malt enzymes that already exist in the food production (Flint). Alcohol production finds help with the enzyme amyloglucosidase as it breaks down starch to turn it into sugar (Modern biotechnology in food). Enzymes improve production yield on many of the beverages we drink.

References:

Flint, Deyanda. "Uses of Enzymes in Food Production | eHow.com." eHow | How To Do Just About Everything! | How To Videos & Articles | eHow.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2011. .

"Modern Biotechnology in Food: Applications of food biotechnology: enzymes (EUFIC)." The European Food Information Council (EUFIC) : Your guide to food safety & quality and health & nutrition for a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle.. N.p., 4 Jan. 2011. Web. 2 Apr. 2011. .

Sunflower Pendants: Polymer Clay Crafts

Polymer clay is a great medium for many fun craft projects. I like to make many different projects out of polymer clay, and I especially enjoy making different types of pendants. There are many different types of pendants that you can make using polymer clay, and this article will teach you how to make a polymer clay sunflower pendant.

For this project you will need liquid sculpey, black clay, yellow clay, and orange clay; you will also need a skewer or a toothpick. When working with polymer clay it is also good to be near a refrigerator because the clay can become too soft sometimes. If the clay becomes too soft, or if you need to cut something and get a fine line you can throw your clay in a refrigerator for a few minutes, and it will harden up quickly.

To make your sunflower, start by rolling out a ball of black clay; flatten the ball into a black disk that is as wide as the flower you would like to make. Next roll a long thin tube of black clay and break it into little pieces. Now roll these pieces into tiny balls, and set them aside. You can put these little balls in the fridge if you like.

Next you will need to start making your flower petals, and you will need to mix the yellow and orange clay together for this step. When the two colors are thoroughly combined you can roll it into a long strand; cut this strand in half and cut each half into pieces. Make sure the second half is cut into smaller pieces than the first half. Now flatten out each piece of the yellow to form petals.

Now start pressing the petals around the edge of the black disk. When you add the petals make sure to leave a wide black circle in the middle, and do not overlap. The first layer of petals should be the longer petals. After they are all attached you can layer the second layer of petals on top of the first level.

Find a spot in between the petals and push the toothpick through so that you have a place to hang the pendant from. Also it is important to make sure you put the hole close enough in so that it is thick enough to not break. The edge around the hole has to be thick enough to be strong.

Next get the little black balls and push them into the center of the circle. You can arrange them in a circular pattern or a spiral. Make sure to push these balls down so that they are secure. Bake the flower for about 10 minutes, and let it cool before removing the toothpick.

Menopause, Andropause, and Human Growth Hormone Replacement

As men and women get older, the amount of hormones produced by the body changes; this inevitably impacts men and women. Women go through menopause because of the hormonal changes that occur with age. It is argued that men also go through what is called andropause because of hormonal changes. Both men and women receive types of hormone replacement treatments to counteract these changes.

As men and women get older their hormone levels change, and the differences are obvious. In women the decline of sexual hormones is caused by the lack of estrogen being produced by the ovaries. Women have only a slight decrease in sexual hormones from the age of 20 to 40, and after 40 years of age the levels drop significantly. In men the decrease of sexual hormones is gradual after the age of 20. It is caused by decreased production of testosterone and the increased production of sex hormone binding globulin, which limits the potency and amount of testosterone.

I think the differences in how the level of sexual hormones decline in men compared to women might play a role in societies views of hormone replacement therapy in men compared to women. It is more common for a man to use hormone replacement therapy, and I believe it may be because a woman does not need this type of treatment until she is much older than when a man may need this type of treatment. Human growth hormone may benefit men in their 50's because it promotes increased muscle building and decreased fat storage, but the risks include diabetes and joint pain. Hormones use to treat post-menopausal women were thought to provide women with increase health, but it has been linked to breast cancer and other illness.

Menopause and andropause cause distinct effects in the lives of men and women. These hormonal changes occur differently in men and women, but they are both related to hormonal level decrease. Menopause and andropause are commonly treated with human growth hormones, and these prescriptions have positive and negative aspects.

Reference

"The use of hormonal therapy in "andropause": the pro side."National Center for Biotechnology

Information . N.p., n.d. Web. 1 May 2011 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2422881/

Make Fairy and Angel Dolls from Common Household Items

There are many items you can find around the house to make some pretty cool crafts. In fact you would never believe how many different things you probably have just laying around your house right now that you could turn into a beautiful fairy or angel doll. This article will discusses the many ways you can make a pretty little doll out of things you would never expect.

Spoons are a great base for making angel dolls. Any spoon will do, and the only other items needed for this project is yarn, fabric, felt, a few beads or buttons for eyes, and a hot glue gun. Simply glue the eyes and yarn to the spoon to create a face and hair. Next cut a circle of fabric and poke a hole in the middle. Slip the spoon handle in the fabric and glue it underneath the round part of the spoon. Take some more yarn or a piece of felt and tie it in a bow around the neck of the doll. Glue this in place as well. Now cut wings from the felt and attach these to the same area. The doll is ready for play when you are done adding the finishing details.

Another fun way to make angels using regular house old items is using wooden clothespins. These clothes pins can be dressed and painted to look just like angels. Simply use a small paintbrush to paint eyes and half circle for the nose. Next paint a tiny red heart for lips, and add eyelashes for style. After it is dry simply add some yarn for hair using a glue gun. Now take a piece of lace and stitch threw the top of it. Pull it so that it is pleated and wrap it around the clothespin to create a dress. You can add pretty wings by cutting and painting pieces of cardboard. Simply glue on the wings and your angel is ready to fly.

Another great angel craft can be made out of old beer or soda bottles For this project you will need a round ball. Many of these can be purchased in your local grocery store. This ball will be glued to the top of the bottle after it is filled with some sand or rocks for weight. Next glue some pretty fabric and lace around the neck of the bottle to create a dress. Add some yarn to the top of the ball for hair. Paint a pretty face on the ball and remember to add a little pink around the cheeks for blush. You can then cut out wings from a soda bottle and paint them. I have used glitter paint pens to add details to the wings. Glue these to the back of your angel, and add beads and fake flowers for more detail.

These projects are just some of the great recycling crafts you can do. I love to recycle things into art, and I have written many articles about it. I hope you become inspired to recycle your garbage into a thing of beauty, and I hope you have enjoyed these crafts!

Home Decorating with Plant Displays

If you want to add life to your home try using plant displays. Plants bring a sense of freshness to your home. They add that special touch to areas of your decor that are boring or dull. This article discusses several home decorating ideas that use plant displays.

Rock Garden

A fun home decorating idea that will also help keep plants moist is a rock garden. Choose several small potted plants for this idea. Then place the plants in a tray. Add the rocks to the bottom of the tray. Place the display on a table counter, or windowsill. The water will keep your plants watered for longer while adding a feeling of nature to the home.

Cacti

Cacti are easy to care for, and they are perfect for small spaces. Mini cacti can be placed along windowsills or in small areas where there is not a lot of room. Cacti are often found in small containers, and they can be transplanted into unique items such as tea cups, old candle glasses, and small boxes.

This plant will make a stunning display not matter how many you choose to add to your home decor. You can group several cacti together in one pot, place a few in a row, or add one small cactus to the center of your windowsill for a personal display.

Forced Bulbs

Forced bulbs have a unique look, and they can bring the beauty of spring into the home during cold winter months. Bulbs can be forced in different manner depending on hat type of flower you are trying to grow. Placing these bulbs in clear containers adds to the beauty because rocks are often used in the process of forcing bulbs.

Miniature Gardens

Another plant display that is fun to create and adds personality to your decorating is miniature gardens. Miniature gardens can take on a variety of forms, and they are easy t make. Choose an interesting container and several small plants that will look nice together. Jade, grasses, and flowering mosses look nice together, but feel free to experiment. Add small ornaments that reflect your personality as well such as crystals, miniature figures or toys, and beads.

For a unique addition to your home decorating, try using these plant display ideas. They will bring your style into the home as well as life.

Two Easy and Simple Macramé Knots that Make Many Fun Projects

Macramé is a great form of art that I have enjoyed practicing. It is simple and useful. "It originated in Turkey as far back as the sixteenth century", and it was widely practiced in the 60's and 70's (O'Sullivan, 2004, p.63). It is an inexpensive way of creating that requires only cord, hemp, string, or something of this nature. It is also very useful because it is based on tying knots, and the ability to tie good knots come in hand in everyday life. You can make belts, necklaces, key chains, plant holders, purses, and many other interesting items using the macramé style. Here are directions on making two simple knots that will allow you to make many different beautiful creations.

A very basic knot is called the overhand knot. It is the simplest knot in macramé and can be achieved easily by people of all ages and skill level. To make this knot all you must do is "make a loop, and bring the end of the cord behind the loop and out through the loop" (O'Sullivan, 2004, p.142). This not is simple and used widely in macramé projects.

Another easy knot that will get you started creating great macramé projects is the square knot. It is slightly more complicated than the overhand knot, but it is also simple enough to understand and emulate. In order to accomplish this knot you will need at least 3 cords. One will be the center cord or core cord, and the other cords will tie the knot. To make the knot "pass the right hand cord over the core cords and under the left hand cords, leaving a little loop on the right; then pass the left hand cord under the core cords and up though the loop" (O'Sullivan, 2004, p.142). Now do the same action except start with the left hand cord. Remember to always pull your knot tight or your knot will be uneven or it will come undone.

You can also slip beads onto the cords at any point in time in order to create fun additions to your works. When using the square knot it is fun to slip beads onto the center cord and allow extra cord in between knots made with the side cords to create a flower like detail. The bead on the center cord will serve as the inside of the flower.

These two simple knots can make many fantastic works of art. These projects are a lot of fun to create and use, and they are easy enough for anybody to master them.

References:
O'Sullivan, J. (2004). Hippie crafts: Creating a hip new look using groovy '60s crafts. New York, NY: Sterling Publishing Co.

The Importance of Hormones in Glucose Homeostasis

Diabetes, commonly treated with insulin, is a widespread ailment for many people, but insulin treatment only provides one of the compounds used in glucose homeostasis. This article discusses the importance of several hormones in glucose homeostasis.

Diabetes is treated with insulin, but evidence shows that there are many compounds that impact glucose homeostasis besides just insulin. Diabetes was seen as a mono-hormonal deficiency until the discovery of additional glucoregulatory hormones known as glucagon, amylin and incretin hormones. The interconnection of these hormones and the hormone insulin is now known to be the governing factors affecting glucose homeostasis. These hormones come from both the gut and the pancreas, and they work together to regulate glucose homeostasis.

A combined effort of all of these hormones is needed to effectively treat diabetes and improve glucose homeostasis. Regulating glucagon is still a common problem and research has focused on therapies to regulate this hormone. Amylin suppresses the secretion of glucagon by working with insulin; this hormone also helps regulate gastric emptying. Incretin hormones play a large role in glucose homeostasis by regulating the appearance of glucose and improving the secretion of insulin. These hormones are being studied, but researchers are only now becoming able to develop therapies to help with amylin and incretin hormones. The importance of a balance of all the hormones needed for glucose homeostasis is obvious when the negative effects of only insulin use is considered. Using only insulin to combat deficiencies can lead to weight gain, hypoglycemia, and many other complications.

"Glucose homeostasis is governed by the interplay of insulin, glucagon, amylin, and incretin hormones," and the necessity of these hormones in treatments for diabetes is obvious (Aronoff, Berkowitz, Shreiner, and Want). Understanding the interplay of these hormones is necessary when trying to treat glucose deficiencies. Further research and application of this information can provide "new pharmacological agents to promote better clinical outcomes and quality of life for people with diabetes" (Aronoff, Berkowitz, Shreiner, and Want).

For a very long time insulin has been the only treatment for diabetes, but further research has determined the complexity of glucose homeostasis as well as the role that other hormones play in this process. It is important to develop therapies that help with other hormones besides insulin in order to fully treat people who suffer from these ailments as well as regulate glucose homeostasis.

Reference

Aronoff, Stephen L; Berkowitz, Kathy; Shreiner, Barb; Want, Laura Diabetes Spectrum 3(2004):183. eLibrary. Web. 16 May. 2011.

Tea Party Crafts for Kids

Children love playing tea party, and these tea party crafts will turn this game into an all day event. Tea party can be played with only imagination, but it is even more fun when you create crafts especially for your tea party. This article will provide you with detailed instructions on creating tea party crafts that your kids will love.

Centerpiece

The first thing you need to create a tea party centerpiece is a coffee can. You will also need tissue paper, glue, a paint brush, scissors, tape, and several sticks for this craft. Start by helping kids rip some of the tissue paper into strips.

Then help them use the paintbrush to glue the strips to the coffee can. While the can is drying help kids cut large circles from the tissue paper. Layer several circles one on top of each other. Remember to add a drop of glue to the center of each paper layer as you go. Help kids pinch the center of the circles and form the circles into a cone shape to create a flower. Use the tape to attach the flower to the sticks.

Cover the sticks with green tissue paper, and allow the glue to dry completely. When all pieces have dried you can place the flowers inside the can for a pretty tea party centerpiece.

Place Cards

For this easy tea party craft you will need construction paper, a marker, scissors, and fancy tea bag wrappers. Start this craft by helping kids fold the wrappers in half. Then cut out the center of the tea bag wrapper. This will leave your with a pretty border. Glue it to a piece of construction paper that is slightly bigger than the wrapper.

Help kids write the guests name on the blank area of paper inside the wrapper. Fold the construction paper so it displays the name on one side and stands up on its own. This tea party craft is fun for kids and a great keepsake.

Napkin Holders

Napkin holders are equally as easily made. For this tea party craft you will need a cardboard tube, ribbon, hot glue sticks, a hot glue gun, scissors, and fake flowers. Start this craft by helping kids cut the tube into a small circle.

Then help kids add some glue to the inside of the cardboard tube and attach the end of a long piece of ribbon to the glue. Then help kids wrap the ribbon around this tea party napkin ring. After the entire ring is covered help kids glue the end of the ribbon to the inside of the tube securely. Then add some flowers to the front of the ring using the glue gun.

These tea party crafts are a lot of fun for kids and adults. They will make your party extra special; so try them with your kids today!

How to Develop a Reading List for the Year

If your New Year's resolution is to read more you should learn how to develop a reading list for the year. Creating a reading list will keep you on track with your reading goals. This article will provide you with several tips for developing a reading list that you will enjoy all year.

When developing a reading list for the year you must ask yourself, "what do you want to gain from this year worth of reading?" Is there something you want to learn, or is there a series you want to complete? Consider your interests when deciding your goal. If you read as a means of relaxation then you probably want to stick with fiction. If you have an interest you would like to learn more about choosing informative books is a good idea. These questions are important when developing a reading list because they will make sure you utilize your time reading well.

Once you have determined what your goals you would like to achieve, it is time to start exploring your options. There are so many types of books and authors it may seem intimidating, but if you start with your original topic the process will be simple. If this is your first reading plan, start with 3 or 4 books a month. You do not have to read all of the books, but it will give you options to choose from each month.

If you are interested in fiction you should start by thinking about a fiction book that you have recently enjoyed. Check out other books in the same genre and other books by the same author. This is an excellent starting ground. If there are some series associated with the genre or author, add the first book to your list to see if you like. Remember you can always choose other books on your list because you have given yourself options. It is good to start with a broad genre like fantasy or horror in the beginning. Later on you can work into subgenres to suit your interests such as magic realism or psycho- thriller.

If you are interested in learning something, start with the basics for the first month of your reading list. Then try more detailed guides in the later months. For example, someone who wants to learn about knitting should start with a beginner's knitting guide in the first months, and the following months can focus on other categories such as knitting sweaters, scarves, or socks.

When looking for books to add to your reading list try Google Books. It has a wonderful search feature that will make finding books that interest you easy; so utilize it when completing your list. Remember to start simple and keep your mind open. You can always add or subtract from your list later on. If you find that you are board with instructional books, try adding some fiction. If you find that you have completed your goal early add a new goal.

Creating a reading list for the new year can be fun and easy as long as you keep your mind open.

Enzymes Used for Treatment in Digestive Disorders

Enzymes show benefits in more areas than just food production; enzymes commonly act as a treatment for many digestive disorders. Many digestive orders occur because the human body lacks the ability to digest or breakdown certain things found in many common foods. Enzymes are a popular treatment for these conditions because enzymes act on the intolerable food to change it into something more digestible. This makes enzymes a possible treatment for common digestive ailments such as celiac disease and lactose intolerance.

Celiac disease, a digestive disorder, causes an allergic reaction to gluten. This prohibits people with the disease to consume foods with the gluten protein in them. Papain, a proteolytic enzyme, helps those who suffer from celiac disease by breaking down gluten (Roxas 312). This allows the celiac to consume foods with gluten without suffering from bowel trouble. Proteolytic enzymes prove to be beneficial supplements for those who have trouble processing gluten, and they are becoming a common dietary recommendation for people with this condition.

Lactose intolerance causes many people to refrain from eating all types of dairy products, but an enzyme known as lactase shows proof that it helps rectify the problems caused by this disorder. Lactose intolerance primarily occurs when a person produces less lactase than needed to breakdown lactose. Taking the enzyme lactase orally results in increased tolerance of lactose and lactose containing foods (Roxas 311). This dietary supplement improves digestive problems associated with lactose intolerance such as cramping, bloating, and diarrhea. This enzyme helps those with lactose intolerance to maintain health while ingesting lactose.

Enzymes play a large role in many areas of our lives. Enzymes are found in plants, animals, the food we eat, and ourselves. Enzymes change the simplest things such as the flavor of cheese, freshness of bread, and clarity of fruit juice. Enzymes also aid in digestive problems that many people suffer from all their lives. The benefit of enzymes to the world is reflected in our everyday lives, but it is commonly overlook.

Reference:

Roxas, Mario. "The Role of Enzyme Supplementation in Digestive Disorders."Alternative Medicine Review13.4 (2008): 311-312. Thorne Review. Web. 1 Apr. 2011.

Easy, Cheap, and Awesome DIY Gifts: Princess Treasure Box

Presents for kids can get complicated; there are a lot of toys out there that your kids will play with for a week, and then they will forget about them. If you can make a gift for your kid, it will be more memorable, and it will be more personal. A princess treasure chest is a great gift that will be fun to make.

To start you need a nice box. You can use a hat box r a Tupperware. Anything you decide to use can be altered to suit your theme. To personalize the box you can decoupage it using images of flowers and other pretty things. You can also simply spray paint it the favorite color of little girl you are making the box for. You can add ribbons, bows, rhinestones, and sequins to the box to make it special, and you can use markers or paint and stencils to write the name of the recipient on it. This box should be a little bigger than what you intend on filling it with because you want to leave room for her to add her own special items.

Some items are essential to complete this project. First you must find a lovely tiara or crown. You can make your own crown using grapevines, wire, flowers, ribbons, and hot glue. You can buy different crowns and tiaras from the local party store or dollar store.

There are many items that you can get cheaply to fill this box. I like to go to the local thrift store and dollar store when putting together these types of boxes. You can find many pretty scarves, hats, sunglasses, and jewelry at these types of store. Lace gloves and slippers are another a fun thing to throw in the box. You can also find inexpensive children makeup kits at the local dollar store, and you can get a lot of kid's hair accessories and toys there as well.

Another important item you will need for this present is a dress. You can find a dress at your local thrift store or yard sale. The dress you pick has to be perfect, and you might like to pick a few different dresses. Older prom dresses are great, and bride's maid dresses also work well. Something fancy with a puffy skirt will work well. Remember you can always hem and alter the dress, and you can add ribbon, sequins, lace, and rhinestones to fancy it up a bit.

These princess boxes are a lot of fun to put together, and the person receiving this gift will be more than thrilled to play with it for hours on end.

Easy Ways to Jumpstart Weight Loss

There are many easy ways to jump start weight loss. Sometimes, when you begin a diet you may feel like you are never going to lose any weight. If you try these weight loss jump-start tips you will start losing weight effortlessly.

Beverages

There are certain things you should drink and shouldn't drink if you want to jumpstart weight loss. Stop drinking soda, energy drinks, and alcohol. Coffee and tea are good if you skip sugar and milk. Sugar and milk add up quickly with coffee. Juice is also very high in sugar, and you should replace juice with fresh fruit. Drink water. This is something you will hear from everyone when trying to lose weight. It is true. Drink at least 64 ounces of water a day, and you will lose a bunch of weight just in the first week.

Food

If you really want to jumpstart weight loss there are plenty of foods you should avoid, and plenty of foods you should indulge in. Avoid processed foods; there are so many empty calories and carbohydrates in processed foods. Cut starch intake in half; protein and fiber are much more valuable to your body. Protein and fiber will provide you with energy, and they can be found in lean meats, nuts, fruits, and vegetables. Eat plenty of these, and remember to cut sugar intake as well. The body needs much less sugar than is found in most meals.

Condiments

Try using health friendly condiments instead of hidden calorie condiments if you want to jumpstart your diet. Instead of mayonnaise try vinegar. Vegetable oils should be replaced with olive oil. Homemade sauces made from fresh ingredients are much more beneficial than prepackaged sauces. Instead of ketchup try fresh tomatoes or mustard.

Exercise

Try high intensity interval training. This may sound intimidating, but it only takes about 20 minutes, and the majority of that time is spent doing light weight work. An example of this type of training includes intervals of 2 minutes of slow walking, and 30 seconds of maximum capacity running over a period of about 20 minutes. This workout routine helps your body release hormones that will continue burning fat for hours after your workout.

Jumpstarting your weight loss does not have to be hard or grueling. With a few simple changes in your routine, you can give your weight loss that extra boost it needs.

Easy and Inexpensive Jewelry Crafts for Girls

When I was a little girl I remember making all sorts of jewelry out of odds and ends I found around my home, and I treasured my creations. Little girls like crafting, and they like jewelry so naturally there are a lot of fun jewelry craft projects that can be made. This article will discuss some fun jewelry themed craft projects that are easy and inexpensive.

Rice, seed, and bean bracelets are fun and easy to make, and they are very inexpensive. You will need rice, beans, and seeds, glue, and a hard plastic bracelet that can be purchased at the local dollar store. To make this bracelet you can glue the various beans and seeds onto the bracelet in a pattern or you can cover the bracelet with glue and roll it in the rice, seeds, and beans. Either way these bracelets are a lot of fun, and there are a lot of dried beans that you can choose from to make a variety of bracelets.

Film container seed necklaces are a great jewelry craft project that will last for a long time, and grow into a beautiful plant. These necklaces are also great because they are reusable. You will need 2 or 3 cotton balls, an empty film canister, a short screw, a seed, and ribbon. Simple screw the screw into the lid of the film container and tie the center of the ribbon to it. Next fill the container with cotton and add water to get it damp. Now place your seed inside and reattach the lid. You will be able to watch this seed grow, and plant it when it gets big enough. This project is fun, and it teaches children about nature.

Bottle cap pendants are another easy and inexpensive jewelry craft. For this project you will need old a bottle cap, some magazines, beads, gems, or any pretty little thing you have around the house, resin, paint, glue, and a pop top from a soda can.

Paint the back of the bottle cap and allow it to dry. Next cut a tiny image from a magazine and glue it inside the bottle cap. If you want to use gems and beads you can glue them to the inside of the bottle cap as well. Next mix the resin according to the directions on the package, and fill the bottle cap with resin. Allow this to set, and when it is dry glue the pop top to the back of the cap and hang on a ribbon for a necklace.

There are a lot of fun jewelry craft projects that will allow your daughter to have fun for hours. I hope these ideas have inspired you!

Do-It-Yourself Personalized Belly Dance Costumes

Belly dancing is not only fun, but it is a great workout, and it is a way to express yourself and your creativity. In order truly express yourself and your personality it is important to have a special belly dancing costume. Here I have compiled a list of ways to personalize your belly dancing costume, and a guide to making your own belly dancing costume.

In order to customize your do-it-yourself belly dancing costume you must make it special to you, and here are a few tips that will help you do just that!

Color schemes are an important aspect of your belly dance costume, and it is important to choose colors you like the most. It is good to choose colors that are bright are dark, but I find it key to choose colors from both spectrums in order to add impact to your costume. It is also nice to add a little gold, silver, or sparkle to your color schemes.

Another way to customize your belly dancing costume is through accessories. As a belly dancer accessories are key, and you might like to wear bells, or charms. You can also wear a belt that has many beads that you find unique. Long dangling earrings move nicely when you are dancing, and long necklaces can also accentuate the dance.

The use of scarves, fans, and zills are also a way to customize your belly dancing costume. Many belly dancers use these props to enhance their dance and add style to there performance. You can use any of these props to personalize your costume, or you can choose to use none of them and focus solely on the dance.

In order to create your own belly dancing costume you will need a few items. The materials needed are scarves or strips of fabric long enough to create a skirt, a heavy scarf or piece of fabric that can be used as a belt or tied around hips, a strong bra or a midriff baring shirt, beads, gem stones, sequins, tassels, fringe, needle, thread, and any other little accents, trinkets, or charms you choose. Remember that glass beads can be dangerous if they fall off of the costume. So try to stick with things that will not hurt your feet or break if you shake them off during your dance routine.

Now that you have assembled your materials you can create your belly dancing costume. Fold the heavy duty material or scarf into a belt that is wide enough to fit comfortably around your hips. Sew this material length wise until it is sturdy enough to hold shape. Next sew your scraves to the belt, and remember to sew them on the inside so your belt is on top. Also it is important to know if you would like your scarves to hang in the middle and the back, or if you would like the entire skirt encircled with them. Plan your skirt design beforehand and sew according to your design. Now you can add the fringe, sequins, beads, or trinkets that you like to your belt. Once your skirt is assembled you can add the embellishments of your choose to your bra or half shirt. Remember to sew everything very tightly because this belly dance costume will see a lot of movement.

With these few simple tips and ideas you will soon be on your way to creating your own personalized belly dance costume!

Diversity Themed Bulletin Board Ideas for Elementary Schools

Diversity is a common theme in many schools in this day and age. A diversity themed bulletin board is a great way to celebrate this theme in elementary schools. This article will discuss diversity themed bulletin board ideas for elementary schools and how to create these ideas.

Colors of the Rainbow

A fun and creative bulletin board idea that will help lead into a discussion about diversity is the colors of the rainbow bulletin board. For this idea you will need white or blue butcher paper, a pencil, paper plates, and a way to wash and dry the elementary school children's hands. You will also need red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple paint.

Start this diversity project by covering the bulletin board with the butcher paper. Use the pencil to draw a large arch in the middle of the bulletin board. The children will follow this guideline to create their rainbow. Then line up the children and pour red paint onto a paper plate.

Help kids place their hand in the paint and press it to the bulletin board. You may need a step stool so children can reach the top of the rainbow arch. Have students create the entire arch using their handprints. Then repeat the process with the rest of the colors in the rainbow. Make sure to watch the elementary school kids' hands in between colors so they do not mix. This bulletin board is a fun way to teach children about diversity.

I am Unique

Another great bulletin board for teaching elementary school kids about diversity is this idea. For this bulletin board idea you will need oak tag, scissors, a yard stick, a pencil, markers, and magazines. Help kids talk about diversity and what makes them different from others. Provide students with magazines and help them search for images that depict why they are unique.

While the students are cutting images from magazines cover the bulletin board with the oak tag. Then use the yard stick to divide the bulletin board up into as many squares as there are students. Next turn those squares into puzzle pieces by adding curves and funny angles. Remove the paper from the bulletin board. Cut out the puzzle pieces and give each student a piece.

Help elementary kids decorate their piece with the images they have gathered and their names. Then allow students to put their piece back up on the board where it belongs. If you have younger elementary students numbering the pieces is a good idea.

This elementary school bulletin board idea is a great way to introduce and teach students about diversity.